Abstract
COMPARISON OF TÜRKİYE AND FRANCE POLITICAL SYSTEMS: 2014-2018 PERIOD
Government systems are categorised as presidential, semi-presidential and parliamentary systems. The categorisation is based on the relationship between the legislative, executive and judicial powers. The aim of this study is to compare the semi-presidential systems of Türkiye and France and to identify the mechanism through which power is concentrated. The dynamics of Türkiye's semi-presidential system, the division of powers and the way the balance of powers is formed will form the basis of the study. Accordingly, Türkiye's political system between 2014-2018 will be compared with France. The only reason for choosing 2014 as the beginning of the study is that the ‘election of the President by the people’, which was accepted as a result of the referendum held in October 2007 in Türkiye, came into force for the first time with the presidential elections held in 2014. The reason for limiting the study to 2018 is that the transition to the ‘Presidential Government System’ was accepted with the referendum held in April 2017 in Türkiye and entered into force with the elections held in June 2018. It is theoretically possible to say that Türkiye, which has been governed by the parliamentary system since the 1960s, has been governed by the parliamentary system until 2018. However, considering the actual situation between 2014-2018, it is possible to say that the semi-presidential system was implemented. The claim that the Semi-Presidential System was practically implemented in Türkiye between the election of the president by the people, which came into force for the first time in 2014 after the 2007 referendum, and 2018, when the Presidential Government System, which was accepted with the referendum held in 2017, came into force, formed the basis of this study. The study is a qualitative study. In addition, descriptive methods, historical research theories and document analysis will be applied.
Keywords
Government Systems, Comparison of Political Systems, Türkiye, France
