Abstract
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON THE RESOURCES AND POPULATION OF MAYSAN GOVERNORATE AS A MODEL FOR THE PERIOD 1989 - 2019)
Iraq is one of the countries that suffer from the effects of
environmental clear caused by climate change, as the continuous
rise in temperature, which reaches more than 6 months in the year,
especially in the southern provinces, specifically in the province of
Maysan, which was classified climatically according to the equation
Borsyov climate that the station is Of the most stations in Iraq are
dry continental climate, where the rate of general temperature in
January and July for a total of thirty years of the year (1989_ 2019),
more than 81%, a rate of (113%) and according to the classification
of climate is within The continental climate is very dry, and this is
reflected on the appearance of the effects of the environment (67000)
thousand dunums for the year 2019 in Maysan Governorate.
These areas were concentrated in the areas of Ali Al Gharbi, Qarah
Tabah and Ali Al-Sharqi. This affected the reduction of the natural
pasture area from (250,000) dunums in 1989 to 120,000 dunums for
2019. The drought conditions and the high percentage of evaporation
of saline habitats affected an area of (901413) thousand dunums for
the year 2019 after it occupied an area of (769017) thousand acres
in 1989, which caused the destruction of livestock worth 831) Ras of
the total (518506) thousand heads represented buffalo, cattle and
other Nam and goats. The high temperatures have also contributed
significantly to the health of the population in the light of the
infection of many of the transitional diseases, which are active in hot
climates such as malaria and Balharzia transmitted to humans by
the carrier. Malaria recorded 27 cases of infection with a percentage
of (0.2) % for every (10,000) thousands of the population for 2019,
while Balharzia recorded a number of injuries (29) and by (0.3) in2019. This study is aimed at identifying the environmental impacts
of climate change and identifying the effects and causes of these
impacts, pointing out the development of solutions and treatments
to reduce the effects associated with them. Desertified and saline
land problems can be addressed in the light of raising the cultural
level of farmers and rationalizing them to follow correct and modern
methods of irrigation, emphasizing afforestation in desert areas to be
windbreak sites, preventing sand dunes and avoiding dust storms. It
is also necessary to develop programs to combat vector-borne
pathogens such as mosquitoes and snails to prevent the endemic
and spread of transitional diseases such as malaria and bilharzia.
Keywords
Environmental risks, population, diseases, dry
