Abstract
URBAN DEVELOPMENT AND TOURISM. THE SALZBURG IDEA OF A "SEASONAL CITY" IN 1861 COMPARED TO THE BEGINNING OF TOURISM IN THE OTTOMAN EMPIRE
The commentary on a recently discovered plan for the city expansion of Salzburg from 1861 raises fundamental questions about modern tourism research and gives rise to the idea of combining such ideas, which were probably quite new for this capital of an Austrian federal state at the time, with possibly parallel ideas from the Ottoman Empire and especially Istanbul in the same era (we would only like to speak of a comparison to a limited extent). It is also about different perspectives, which arise from the personal experiences of one author, folklorist and philologist, with his current hometown of Freiburg im Breisgau (Baden-Württemberg) and with the place of residence of a close part of his ancestors in Salzburg, and the other author, a tourism researcher and German philologist in Turkey and to look for and explain points of contact. To the extent that the individual facts that arise from the respective historical developments appear to and obviously differ, they surprisingly touch on similar (and therefore comparable) questions about the intended goals of the respective tourism development since the 1860s, namely about the ideas, which arise from the needs of the necessary infrastructure for tourism, according to the wishes and goals that seem to be achievable with the then new technical possibilities, e.g. with the development of the railway, with the attractiveness of large, international exhibitions, with - in Istanbul - the construction of large hotels based on Western models, etc. We become thoughtful when we try to outline some further developments, e.g. in Salzburg, for example, the regulation of the Salzach which means major and far-reaching interventions in nature and the environment, and we conclude that in our time tourism should not only be viewed as an economic project, nor, as in the example of Salzburg, at that time apparently exclusively as an aesthetic problem. We call for "environmental compatibility" and "human" considerations for the local city dwellers which are affected by mass tourism. In this respect, the joint work from two very different scientific areas raises questions that can only be answered through collaboration between several university disciplines.
Keywords
Urban development, tourism, Salzburg, İstanbul, Ottoman Empire
