Abstract
THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE CONCEPT OF LEADERSHIP IN ANCIENT IRAQ UNTIL THE END OF THE ERA OF THE DAWN OF DYNASTIES
This research deals with the expansion of the concept of leadership in ancient Iraq and its development until the era of the dawn of dynasties, according to the following:
1. The concept of ancient Iraq, in terms of its location in the
southwestern part of the continent of Asia, and the location of Iraq is of great importance from the commercial and strategic point of view, as Iraq represented a meeting point for the trade routes linking India, the Far East, the Indian Ocean and the Mediterranean, and the concept of the era of the dawn of dynasties , where the first ruling dynasties appeared at the dawn of dynasties, which were known through cuneiform texts, whose beginnings differed researchers in determining, as they indicated that it was between the years (3000-2800 BC). As for its end, they agreed that it was the establishment of the Akkadian state.
2. The emergence of the ruling system in ancient Iraq, as it seems that its emergence in the country of Iraq was linked to the establishment of small population crowds in villages in northern Iraq in the late eighth millennium BC. And the ceremonies followed in the coronation of the king and his assumption of the throne and his carrying out his responsibilities, as the celebrations of the coronation of the new king did not take place until after the memorial ceremony of the previous king and the completion of the religious rites for his burial, and in fact the king was performing many duties and responsibilities, on the one hand he performed his religious tasks towards the gods on On the other hand, he was performing his many responsibilities and obligations towards the government and towards the subjects.
3. The deification of kings in ancient Iraq. The dominant political thought in ancient Iraq was the deification of kings, and it is clear that the idea of deification began in its preliminary form in the era of the dawn of dynasties, where (Gilgamesh) was mentioned in one of the religious incantations in the name of (The God Gilgamesh). And the burial rituals of the king, as the ancient Iraqis were interested in burying their kings in tombs commensurate with their status, and although their architectural level did not rise to the same level as the tombs of the pharaohs, but they were equipped with all the needs of the king in the other world.
Keywords
Ancient Iraq, the era of the dawn of dynasties, the king
